Background and overview
Quercetin (Quercetin) is also known as quercetin, quercetin, and its dihydrate is yellow needle-like crystals, which become anhydrous at 95 to 97 °C, with a melting point of 314 °C (decomposition).
Soluble in cold ethanol (1:290), easily soluble in hot ethanol (1:23), soluble in methanol, ethyl acetate, glacial acetic acid, pyridine, acetone, etc., almost insoluble in water, benzene, ether, chloroform, Petroleum ether, etc.
Dissolved in glacial acetic acid, the alkaline aqueous solution is yellow, and the ethanol solution tastes very bitter.
Quercetin is widely found in nature, and its English name "quercetin" first appeared in 1857, which is derived from "quercetum", which means oak forest, and is a natural auxin polar transport inhibitor.
Quercetin has good expectorant and antitussive effects, and has certain anti-asthmatic effects. In addition.
it also has the effects of lowering blood pressure, reducing capillary fragility, enhancing its resistance, lowering blood lipids, expanding coronary arteries, and increasing coronary blood flow. .
Quercetin can significantly inhibit carcinogens, isolated malignant cells, Ehrlich ascites cancer cells DNA, RNA and protein synthesis and growth.
It has obvious inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by various factors, and can inhibit the release of serotonin.
pharmacological action
The introduction of hydrophilic groups into quercetin can increase its water solubility, which is more conducive to absorption, thereby enhancing pharmacological effects.
For example, the water solubility of quercetin oxyacetic acid lysine salt increases. Diseases, circulatory disorders, atherosclerosis, etc.
Quercetin blocks the action of androgens on hormone-dependent human prostate cancer cells, and when the action of androgens is blocked, the growth of prostate cancer cells is slowed or stopped.
Onions, apples, red wine, and green tea contain a lot of quercetin, which can be eaten by prostate cancer patients.
Quercetin is an over-the-counter drug for prostate cancer in the United States, but it has not been approved as a prostate treatment in China.
Quercetin can affect the proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis and metabolism of tumor cells through multiple signaling pathways, and has inhibitory effects on various tumors such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer and leukemia.
20-80μmol/L quercetin can inhibit the proliferation activity of osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 cells, and at 48h, the effect of quercetin on inhibiting the proliferation activity of MG-63 cells has a significant dose-dependent effect, and the detection results of cell apoptosis The results showed that 40μmol/L quercetin could significantly promote the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells, indicating that quercetin could promote the apoptosis of MG-63 and inhibit its proliferation activity.
Quercetin is used in the treatment of chronic bronchitis, and also has an adjuvant treatment effect on patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension.
Quercetin can also be used in other industries. As an antioxidant, it is mainly used in oils, beverages, cold drinks, and processed meat products;
As a natural dye, it can be used as a medium dye for wool and cotton, using aluminum salts to obtain yellow, using chromium salts to obtain olive yellow, using tin salts to obtain orange, and using iron salts to obtain olive green.
Foods rich in quercetin include: tea, capers, angelica, apples, red onions, red grapes, citrus, tomatoes, broccoli, and other green leafy vegetables. There are also high levels of many berries, including those of raspberries, bilberries, cranberries, sea buckthorn, crowberry, and cactus.
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